Reflection-point smear for dipping reflectors
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| Series | Geophysical References Series |
|---|---|
| Title | Problems in Exploration Seismology and their Solutions |
| Author | Lloyd P. Geldart and Robert E. Sheriff |
| Chapter | 8 |
| Pages | 253 - 294 |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.9781560801733 |
| ISBN | ISBN 9781560801153 |
| Store | SEG Online Store |
Problem
Assume a reflector 2000 m beneath the midpoint and a dip of $ 20^{\circ } $ with constant over-burden velocity. How much does the reflecting point move between members of the common-midpoint set for offsets of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 m?
Background
Equation (4.11e) gives the shift in the reflecting point $ \Delta L $ in terms of the dip $ \xi $, slant depth $ h_{c} $, and offset 2s:
$ {\begin{aligned}\Delta L=(s^{2}/2h_{c}){\rm {\;sin\;}}2\xi .\end{aligned}} $ ()
Solution
Because $ \sin 2\xi =\sin 40^{\circ }=0.64 $, equation (8.2a) becomes
$ {\begin{aligned}\Delta L=0.16\times 10^{-3}s^{2}{\mbox{m}}.\end{aligned}} $
Thus, we get the following values of $ \Delta L $ for the various offsets:
$ {\begin{aligned}{\hbox{Offset}}(2s)&\rightarrow &0&500&1000&1500&2000m,\\{\hbox{Shift}}(\Delta L)&\rightarrow &0&40&160&360&640m.\end{aligned}} $
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Also in this chapter
- Effect of too many groups connected to the cable
- Reflection-point smear for dipping reflectors
- Stacking charts
- Attenuation of air waves
- Maximum array length for given apparent velocity
- Response of a linear array
- Directivities of linear arrays and linear sources
- Tapered arrays
- Directivity of marine arrays
- Response of a triangular array
- Noise tests
- Selecting optimum field methods
- Optimizing field layouts
- Determining vibroseis parameters
- Selecting survey parameters
- Effect of signal/noise ratio on event picking
- Interpreting uphole surveys
- Weathering and elevation (near-surface) corrections
- Determining static corrections from first breaks
- Determining reflector location
- Blondeau weathering corrections
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