地球磁场
地球磁场常用位于地球中心的一个偶极子来表示。该偶极子轴线与地球表面的交点称为地磁极。一个更好的表示方法(偶极子场)是采用距离地心约400公里的偶极子来描述。磁倾角为90度的位置称为磁倾极;它们与地磁极并不重合。地磁场不能用偶极子来表示的那一部分称为非偶极场。地磁场的时变分量如图M-2所示。亦参见常态地磁场。
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